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《印度专利法》于2005年1月生效。这项政策变化最显著的特征是对产品专利和工艺专利都予以认可,这与1970年法案的只为工艺专利提供保护相反。在与世贸组织的《与贸易相关的知识产权协定》(TRIPS)接轨的过程中,新《印度专利法》目的是对制药业的研发行为进行约束,从而使印度符合TRIPS的标准。因为原先的《专利法》不承认产品专利,这使得各公司能够以极低的成本对知名品牌的产品使用逆向工程进行仿制。如果基于认为印度制药业的大部分研发活动都是逆向工程,新《专利法》实施后制药行业的研发支出预期会
The Indian Patent Act came into force in January 2005. The most significant feature of this policy change is the recognition of both product patents and process patents, as opposed to the 1970 Act that provides protection only for process patents. In keeping with the TRIPS Agreement, the new Indian Patents Act aims to bind the pharmaceutical industry to research and development to bring India into line with TRIPS standards. Because the original Patent Law did not recognize product patents, this allowed companies to reverse engineer the use of well-known brand products at a fraction of the cost. If based on the belief that much of R & D in the Indian pharmaceutical industry is reverse engineering, R & D expenditures in the pharmaceutical industry after the implementation of the new Patent Law are expected to