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目的研究中子辐射诱发离体人外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变率、微核率和HPRT基因突变率作为中子辐射的生物剂量计的可能性。方法采用14MeV中子等剂量率照射离体人外周血,吸收剂量范围0~1Gy,秋水仙素阻断法检测染色体畸变率,CB细胞法和常规培养法检测微核率,多核细胞法检测HPRT基因突变率,建立相应的剂量效应曲线,比较各指标间的相关性。结果在该剂量范围内,各指标与剂量关系符合现行平方模型,染色体畸变、微核呈过离散分布,三者有线性相关性。染色体畸变率灵敏度最高,其次是CB细胞法微核率,再次是常规培养法微核率,HPRT基因突变率最低。结论中子辐射事故可采用准确灵敏的染色体畸变率和CB细胞法微核率作为生物剂量计进行辐射种类判定和生物剂量估算。
Objective To study the possibility of neutron radiation - induced biological dosimetry using neutron radiation - induced chromosome aberration rate, micronucleus rate and HPRT gene mutation rate in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Methods The peripheral blood of human was irradiated by the same dose of 14MeV neutron, the dose range was 0 ~ 1Gy, the rate of chromosome aberration was detected by colchicine blocking method, the rate of micronucleus was detected by CB method and routine culture method, the rate of HPRT Gene mutation rate, the establishment of the corresponding dose-response curve, comparing the correlation between the indicators. Results In this dose range, the relationship between each index and dose was in line with the current square model, chromosome aberration, micronucleus was dispersed, the three have a linear correlation. Chromosome aberration rate of the highest sensitivity, followed by the CB cell micronucleus rate, again the conventional culture micronucleus rate, HPRT gene mutation rate is the lowest. Conclusion Neutron radiation accident can be accurately and sensitively detected by chromosome aberration rate and CB cell micronucleus rate as a biological dosimeter to determine the type of radiation and biological dose estimates.