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创新被人们关注,起始于20世纪50年代,随着技术进步对人类社会和经济发展的影响越来越大,对创新的研究也越来越多、越来越广。人们在创新促进社会经济发展方面达成了共识,但对于什么是创新,哪些因素推动创新产生,哪些机制有助于创新发挥作用,却存在颇多分歧。创新最开始(18世纪)被认为是由科技力量推动,即来自经济活动之外的“科学家和航海家”的伟大发现,由国内外的政府机构(立法机构或王室)或私人性质的非盈利组织开展。在很长时间内,人们普遍认为
Innovation attracts people’s attention. Starting from the 1950s, as the impact of technological progress on human society and economy grows, the research on innovation is more and more and more and more widely. People reached a consensus on innovation in promoting social and economic development. However, there are many disagreements as to what innovation is, which factors promote innovation, and what mechanisms contribute to innovation. The beginning of innovation (the eighteenth century) is considered to be driven by scientific and technological forces, that is, the great discovery of “scientists and navigators” outside of economic activities by domestic and foreign government agencies (legislatures or royals) or private Non-profit organizations. In a long time, people generally think