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生态学问题,自古以来就为人们所注意。我国大约在两千多年前,就设有与生态学工作有关的专职官员,如“土方士”、“草人”、“山师”、“川师”等;在战国时代,已经出现了集中谈论生态学方面问题的著作,如《管子·地员篇》、《周礼·地官篇》等。由此可见,我国古代生态学具有自己的发展途径,并形成了独特的学术体系,即“天”、“地”、“人”。我国古代在生态学领域中有不少突出成就,甚至有些问题与当今生态学概念有较大的相似性,如“生态系统”、“食物链”、“植被垂直分布”、“生态序列”、“人工植物群落”、“指示生物”、“植物地理区划”等。可以认为古代的中国是生态学的主要发源地之一。
Ecology has been paid attention to by people since ancient times. About two thousand years ago, China had dedicated officials engaged in ecological work such as “Tuolushi”, “Cao Cao”, “Shan Shi” and “Chuan Shi”. In the Warring States Period, Focus on the ecological aspects of the book, such as “pipe member”, “Zhou official” and so on. Thus, ancient Chinese ecology has its own way of development, and formed a unique academic system, namely, “heaven”, “land” and “people.” In ancient China, there are many prominent achievements in the field of ecology, and even some of the problems have great similarities with today’s ecological concepts such as “ecosystem”, “food chain”, “vertical distribution of vegetation”, “ecological sequence”, “ Artificial plant community ”,“ indicating organisms ”,“ plant geographical division ”and so on. Ancient China can be considered as one of the main origins of ecology.