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维生素K缺乏引起新生儿出血症,临床医师已有深刻的印象,而维生素K缺乏所致小婴儿出血,特别是颅内出血,易被误诊而贻误治疗时机,导致死亡或留下严重后遗症。临床资料我院自1981年3月至1985年11月共收治晚发性维生素K缺乏所致小婴儿颅内出血5例。年龄在28天至4个月,均为男性,家族中无出血患者,全系母乳喂养,出现神经系统症状至入院时间均在1天以内。5例中使用过抗生素者3例,腹泻1例,黄疸2例。4例表现为皮下出血点,出血斑或注射部位出血不止。有发热者3例,呕吐3例,抽搐4例,尖叫者2例。体征:面色苍白5例,呼吸不规则1例,前囟隆起4例,瞳孔不等大3例,凝视4例,颈部有抵抗2例,烦躁1例,反应差意识障碍者4例。
Vitamin K deficiency causes neonatal hemorrhagic disease, clinicians have been impressed, and vitamin K deficiency caused by small infants bleeding, especially intracranial hemorrhage, easily misdiagnosed and delayed the timing of treatment, leading to death or leaving serious sequelae. Clinical data in our hospital from March 1981 to November 1985 were treated with delayed onset of vitamin K deficiency in infants with intracranial hemorrhage in 5 cases. The age ranged from 28 days to 4 months were all men. There was no bleeding in the family. All the patients were breastfeeding. The symptoms of neurological diseases were all within 1 day after admission. 5 cases of antibiotics used in 3 cases, 1 case of diarrhea, jaundice in 2 cases. 4 cases showed subcutaneous bleeding, bleeding spots or injection site bleeding more than. There are 3 cases of fever, vomiting in 3 cases, 4 cases of convulsions, screaming in 2 cases. Signs: Pale pale in 5 cases, irregular breathing in 1 case, anterior fontanel in 4 cases, pupil unequal in 3 cases, gaze in 4 cases, neck resistance in 2 cases, irritability in 1 case, poor response in 4 cases.