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为了探讨新疆野杏种质资源的遗传多样性和亲缘关系,利用ISSR分子标记技术,对新疆伊犁地区3个居群、135份野杏种质资源进行了PCR扩增。研究表明,22条引物共扩增出465条多态性条带,多态性位点百分率为99.49%;从物种水平分析,新疆野杏种质资源的多态性位点百分率、观测等位基因数、有效等位基因数、Nei’s基因多样性和Shannon信息指数分别为99.57%,1.9957,1.3879,0.2449,0.3874;从居群水平分析,各居群的多态性位点百分率、观测等位基因数、有效等位基因数、Nei’s基因多样性和Shannon信息指数各指标的平均值分别为76.80%,1.7680,1.3463,0.2120和0.3287;3个居群的各项指标均为霍城居群最高,新源居群最低,巩留居群居中;新疆野杏种质资源的遗传变异主要来自于居群内(86.43%),少部分来自于居群间(13.57%);各居群中霍城居群和新源居群亲缘关系最近,遗传分化程度小;新源居群和巩留居群间亲缘关系最远,遗传分化程度大。
In order to explore the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of wild apricot germplasm resources in Xinjiang, ISSR molecular markers were used to amplify 135 apricot germplasm resources in three populations in Yili, Xinjiang. The results showed that a total of 465 polymorphic bands were amplified by 22 primers and the percentage of polymorphic loci was 99.49%. Based on the analysis of species level, the percentage of polymorphic loci and observation of Xinjiang wild apricot germplasm resources The number of genotypes, effective alleles, Nei’s gene diversity and Shannon’s information index were 99.57%, 1.9957,1.3879,0.2449,0.3874 respectively. From the population level analysis, the percentage of polymorphic loci in each population and the observed allele The average number of genes, effective alleles, Nei’s gene diversity and Shannon’s information index were 76.80%, 1.7680,1.3463,0.2120 and 0.3287 respectively. The indexes of three populations were the highest in Huocheng population , The lowest in Xinyuan population and the lowest in Gongyu population. The genetic variation of wild apricot germplasm resources in Xinjiang mainly came from the population (86.43%), and a little from the population (13.57%). The population of Huocheng The genetic relationship between Xunyuan population and Xinyuan population is the most recent, and the degree of genetic differentiation is small. Xinyuan population and Gongyu population are the most distantly related and have a large degree of genetic differentiation.