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第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克建筑工程学院研制的螺旋状钻机钻孔工艺,可用于提高地基承载力和加固改建房屋的基础,目前这项工艺已在美国、西德、加拿大等国家获得专利权。螺旋状钻机钻孔工艺的主要优点是钻进速度快、无噪音、无振动、灌注桩承载能力大。这种桩可按树根状桩型完成,但与其不同之处是不排土。用锥形螺旋状钻机钻孔时可提高孔壁稳定性,从而减少加固孔壁所需的材料和劳动消耗。这种工艺已成功地用于改建房屋的地基深层挤密和基础加固(图1)。钻机的工作部分为按一定角度逐渐缩小的同轴螺纹形成的圆锥体的锥形钻头(图2)。这种钻机与常用钻机不同之处是非所有机件工作面都排土,而只是锥形钻头渐缩部分排土。工作部件可采用刚性固定部件或在心轴上固定自由转动的滚柱两种设计方案。采用后一种方案可大大减小钻进时土的阻
The spiral boring machine drilling technology developed by the Dnepropetrovsk School of Architecture and Engineering can be used to improve the foundation bearing capacity and to reinforce the foundation for rebuilding houses. At present, this process has been patented in the United States, West Germany, and Canada. The main advantages of the spiral drill drilling process are fast drilling speed, no noise, no vibration, and large bearing capacity of the cast-in-place pile. This kind of pile can be completed by root pile type, but the difference is that it does not discharge soil. When drilling with a conical spiral drill, hole wall stability can be increased, thereby reducing the material and labor required to reinforce the hole wall. This process has been successfully used for the deep foundation compaction and foundation reinforcement of reconstructed houses (Figure 1). The working part of the drilling rig is a conical drill bit formed by a coaxial thread tapering at a certain angle (Figure 2). The difference between this type of drilling rig and common drilling rigs is that all the working surfaces of the rig are not drained, but only the conical drill bit tapers. The working part can use rigid fixing parts or two rollers designed to rotate freely on the mandrel. The latter solution can greatly reduce the resistance of soil when drilling