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We have numerically analyzed the thermal effects in Nd:YLF laser rod.The calculations of temperature and stress distributions in the Nd:YLF laser rod were performed with finite element (FE) simulations.The calculations showed that the laser rod could be pumped up to a power of 40W without fracture caused by thermal stress.The calculated thermal lens power of thermally induced lens in Nd:YLF (σ-polarization) laser rod was analyzed and validated experimentally with two independent techniques.A Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer were used for direct measurements of focal thermal lens at different pump powers.The obtained measurements were coinciding with the FE simulations.