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【目的】为了精确判断寒地水稻的灌溉水量并建立适当的灌溉管理方式，保证作物正常生长需求，起到节水效果。【方法】根据寒地水稻特殊的生长环境和作物各生育期需水量，设计了基于灰色神经网络与模糊控制的寒地水稻灌溉制度，该智能灌溉制度通过建立微型气象站监测、传输稻田环境数据，并通过灰色神经网络预测理论预测出作物灌溉需水量和灌溉制度影响因子；以预测作物灌水量和作物最佳灌水量的差值及差值变化率作为模糊控制器的输入，灌溉时间长度为输出，驱动电磁阀，达到适时适量灌溉。【结果】MATLAB 仿真结果表明，该灌溉控制方式比传统控制方式响应速度快、超调量小、控制效果好。在东北农业大学水稻试验田的试验结果表明该灌溉控制制度的节水率为 11.59%，水稻产量和结实率也有所提高；在黑龙江省建三江农场的田间试验表明该灌溉制度的节水率高达 13.54%。【结论】该灌溉制度与传统控制方式相比具有很好的节水效果，能对作物各生育期灌溉需水量进行综合判断和管理，对提高水资源利用率、降低农业生产成本、实现精细农业有重要意义。
【Objective】 In order to accurately determine the amount of irrigated water in paddy fields and to establish appropriate irrigation management methods to ensure the normal crop growth, water saving effect is achieved. 【Method】 According to the special growing environment of rice in cold region and the water demand during the growing season, a cold paddy irrigation system based on gray neural network and fuzzy control was designed. The intelligent irrigation system monitored and transmitted paddy field environmental data , And predict the demand of crop irrigation water and the influence factors of irrigation system by gray neural network prediction theory. Taking the difference of crop irrigation volume and crop optimal irrigation amount and the rate of change of difference as the input of fuzzy controller, the irrigation duration is Output, drive solenoid valve, to achieve timely irrigation. 【Result】 MATLAB simulation results show that the irrigation control method than the traditional control methods fast response, small overshoot, control effect is good. The experimental results of paddy field in Northeast Agricultural University showed that the water saving rate of the irrigation control system was 11.59%, and the yield and seed setting rate of rice also increased. The field experiment in Jian Sanjiang farm in Heilongjiang Province showed that the water saving rate of the irrigation system was as high as 13.54 %. 【Conclusion】 Compared with the traditional control methods, this irrigation system has a good water-saving effect, and can comprehensively judge and manage the irrigation water demand at each growth stage of crops, which can improve the utilization rate of water resources, reduce the agricultural production cost and realize the fine agriculture There’s important meaning.