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为了解中国人胃癌Ｐ５３基因突变情况，应用银染聚合酶链反应—单链构象多态（ＰＣＲ—ＳＳＣＰ）技术对Ｐ５３基因第５、６、７、８外显子进行检测。对来自癌组织ＤＮＡ和癌旁正常组织ＤＮＡ的ＰＣＲ—ＳＳＣＰ电泳带迁移作对比分析，发现３７例胃癌中，１１例胃癌样品电泳带迁移异常，依据ＤＮＡ单链构象与分子电泳迁移的关系，研究结果表明：胃癌Ｐ５３基因５—８外显子的突变率为３０％。微波处理ＡＢＣ法检测突变型Ｐ５３蛋白表达，１７例为阳性，阳性率为４６％。这些资料提示：导致Ｐ５３蛋白异常表达的Ｐ５３基因突变是一种常见的分子结构改变，可能在胃癌的发生和发展中起着重要的作用。
To understand the p53 gene mutation in Chinese patients with gastric cancer, the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth exon of P53 gene were detected by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP). A comparative analysis of PCR-SSCP bands from DNA of cancerous tissue and adjacent normal tissue DNA revealed abnormal migration of the electrophoresis bands of 11 gastric cancer samples in 37 cases of gastric cancer. The relationship between DNA single-strand conformation and electrophoretic migration was studied. The results showed that the mutation rate of exon 5-8 of gastric cancer P53 gene was 30%. The microwave-treated ABC method was used to detect the expression of mutant P53 protein, and 17 cases were positive, the positive rate was 46%. These data suggest that mutation of P53 gene, which causes abnormal expression of P53 protein, is a common molecular structure change and may play an important role in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.