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目的探讨与早期自然流产相关的环境危险因素,为降低自然流产率、减少不良妊娠结局的发生提供参考。方法采用问卷调查的方式,分析比较了97例在厦门市妇幼保健院诊断为早期自然流产的妇女和76例同期正常分娩的妇女的个人史资料和早孕期环境接触情况。结果单因素分析显示,自然流产组妇女的妊娠次数、既往自然流产次数、早孕期被动吸烟、每日手机通话次数以及使用染发剂的比例显著高于对照组(P均<0.05)。多因素分析显示,以上提到的三个环境接触因素均可增加早期自然流产的危险。结论早孕期被动吸烟、每日手机通话次数以及使用染发剂均与自然流产有一定关联,因此孕妇在怀孕期间应尽量避免被动吸烟、长时间使用电磁辐射大的设备以及接触染发剂等化学物质。
Objective To explore the environmental risk factors associated with early spontaneous abortion, to provide a reference for reducing the spontaneous abortion rate and reducing the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods By questionnaire survey, 97 cases of women diagnosed as early spontaneous abortion in Xiamen MCH and 76 cases of women with normal delivery at the same period were analyzed and compared with the environmental exposure in early pregnancy. Results Univariate analysis showed that the number of pregnancy, the number of spontaneous abortion, passive smoking in early pregnancy, the number of daily mobile phone calls and the use of hair dye in spontaneous abortion group were significantly higher than those in control group (all P <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the three environmental exposure factors mentioned above all increased the risk of early spontaneous abortion. Conclusions Passive smoking during the first trimester, the number of daily cell phone calls and the use of hair dye are associated with spontaneous abortion. Therefore, pregnant women should avoid passive smoking during pregnancy, use equipment with large electromagnetic radiation for a long time, and come into contact with chemical substances such as hair dye.