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眼球后壁形态分类对高度近视眼底病变的诊断和治疗起关键作用。目前眼球后壁的主要检查手段有检眼镜、B型超声、磁共振成像(MRI)和光相干断层扫描成像(OCT)。检眼镜对眼球后壁形态分类评估的参考客观性较差且较困难，B型超声检查的显示范围局限且不准确，3D-MRI可全方位且清晰地显示眼球后壁形态，OCT可观察巩膜曲率变化，可用于近视性眼底病变的研究，但扫描范围有限。广角OCT(WF-OCT)联合高分辨率3D-MRI用于眼球形态分类具有较高的价值。本文对检眼镜、B型超声、MRI以及OCT用于高度近视患者眼球后壁形态的分类方法进行分析，并评估不同类型的眼球后壁形态对视力和近视性黄斑病变的影响，为临床客观评价高度近视眼底病变和预后的评估提供依据。“,”The classification of the fundus shape is crucial to the diagnosis and treatment of high myopic fundus lesions.There are four main clinical examination methods for the detection of posterior wall morphology, including ophthalmoscope, B mode ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Ophthalmoscopy is subjective and difficult in classification.B mode ultrasonography is limited by the scan range and the accuracy is not good enough.The 3D MRI has been found to be a well-suited way for the identification of eye shape over a wide area and any angle.OCT also is used to observe myopic fundus lesions because of a good resolving power for fundus structure.It is valuable to combine high resolution 3D-MRI and OCT.Recent advanced studies on classification posterior wall morphology of eyeball and the influences of these different classifications to the visual acuity and myopic maculopathy were reviewed.