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一、词汇过关
1. convenience
【考纲释义】 n. 便利, 方便
I keep my reference book near my desk for convenience.我把参考书放在书桌旁用着方便。
I wonder if it would be possible for us to meet at your earliest convenience.如果方便的话,不知道我们能不能尽早和您见面。
For your convenience, you’d better choose the credit card as your payment.为方便起见,您最好选用信用卡付款。
【知识拓展】
inconvenience n. 不方便 convenient adj. 便利的,适宜的
at one’s convenience在某人方便的时候 for one’s convenience (of)为了某人的方便 for convenience’s sake为了方便起见 make a convenience of …利用
2. construct
【考纲释义】 vt. 建造;构造
The Bank has purchased some property on which to construct a new building.银行已买下一些地产用于建造新大楼。
He taught us how to construct sentences. 他教我们怎样造句。
A highway is being constructed. 一条公路正在修建。
【知识拓展】
construction n.建造;建设under construction 在建造中
3. influence
【考纲释义】 n. & vt.影响, 感化, 势力, 有影响的人(或事)
My advice has no influence on his actions. 我的劝告没有影响他的行动。
The teacher has established an influence over his pupils.这个教师在学生中树立了威信。
Tony got a job in the factory because his uncle had influence there. 托尼在那个工厂里找到了一个工作,因为他叔叔在那里有权势。
Both factors definitely influence stock prices but the degree of influence may be different.这两个因素都会影响股价,但程度可能不同。
【知识拓展】
have influence on / with…对……产生影响
under the influence of 在……的影响下
4. arrange
【考纲释义】 vt. 安排, 排列, 协商
Can you arrange a visit to the exhibition? 你能安排一次参观展览会吗?
I have arranged for the boy to leave school next Easter.我已安排好让孩子在下个复活节离开学校。
You must arrange these books in alphabetical order.你要把这些书按字母顺序排好。
【知识拓展】
arrange for安排, 准备 arrange with sb. about sth.与某人商定某事
5. available
【考纲释义】 adj. 可用到的, 可利用的,有空的
They have tried all available means to open the door.他们曾试用所有有用的方法来开这门。
All the available money has been used.手头的钱都用完了。
My bicycle is not available, and it is being repaired.我的自行车现在不能用, 因为正在修理。
Attention,please. These tickets are available on the day of issue only. 请注意,这种车票仅在发售当天有效。
【知识拓展】 make sth. available to / for 使……可以享受某物; 使……买得起某物
be available from 从……可以获得
6. delight
【考纲释义】 n.快乐, 高兴, 喜悦v. (使)高兴, (使)欣喜
They got a good deal of delight from their children.他们从孩子身上得到了很多乐趣。
It is a delight for her to watch her daughter dance in the show.对她来说, 观看女儿在节目中表演舞蹈是件乐事。
Your visit last week delighted us.你上星期的来访使我们很高兴。
He delights to talk about his family in the office.他喜欢在办公室谈论他家里的事。
【知识拓展】
take / find / have delight in喜爱;以……为乐 to sb.’s delight 令人高兴的是
二、短语诠释
1. consist of 由……组成
The entire world consists of matter.整个世界都是由物质组成的。
Society does not consist of isolated individuals, but people in a network of relationships.社会并不是由一个个孤立的个体组成,而是由互相联系的人所组成。
The Olympic Games consist of the Games of the Olympiad and the Olympic Winter Games. Both take place every four years. 奥运会包括夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会,它们都是每四年举办一次。
【知识拓展】
consists in在于…… consists with一致,符合
2. divide into 把……分成
Divide the cake into quarters and share it equally.把蛋糕分成四份, 大家平均享用。
I shall have to divide the class into three groups and teach them in turn at three different levels.我得把全班学生分成三个组,按三种不同的程度轮流给他们上课。
【知识拓展】 separate … from 把……分开
3. break away from摆脱,脱离
Can what we do to help them to break away from the difficult position?我们能做什么来帮助他们摆脱困境呢?
I was encouraged to break away from old forms and rules.大家鼓励我破除旧形式和旧框框。
You have to break away from smoking,otherwise you may die of lung cancer.你必须戒掉吸烟,否则你会死于肺癌。
【知识拓展】
break in闯入;插话 break into闯入;破门而人;打断(谈话)break off中止;折断;打折 break out爆发;突然发生
break through突破;冲垮 break up分解;(使)结束;分开,分离
4. leave out省去,遗漏
I notice that the advertisement leaves out the price of the product.我注意到广告没有提到产品的价格。
Don’t leave out any necessary information on your application. 你在申请单上不要遗漏任何必要的信息。
The Chinese teacher asked her to leave out the unnecessary words and sentences. 语文老师要求她删除作文里面那些赘余的语句。
【知识拓展】 leave for 动身到(某处) leave alone不管; 撇下……一个人
leave aside搁置 leave behind遗忘;遗留
5. take the place of代替,取代
It would be difficult to find a man to take the place of the secretary.找一个代替秘书的人会很难的。
Some day steel-collar workers may take the place of human beings.有一天机器人也许会代替人干活。
【知识拓展】
take place发生;举行 take one’s place
就位;代替某人in place of (= instead of)代替in place在适当的位置 out of place不得其所,不适当地 in the first place首先 from place to place到处;各处
6. break down损坏,跨,压倒,分解
If the car should break down on the way, you would have to walk back.万一汽车中途抛锚,你就得走回来。
The machine must break down at this busy hour.正忙的时候,机器偏偏又坏了。
Your health will break down if you work too hard.如果你过分辛劳,会把身体搞垮。
Cells need the oxygen in air to break down foods and release energy. 细胞需要空气中的氧分解食物、释放能量。
三、句式详解
1. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.如今当人们提到英国,你会发现威尔士也被包括进来了。
find Wales included属于“find + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构,included为过去分词作宾语补足语。find在该结构中表示“发现,觉得,发现……处于某种状态”。find后的宾语补足语通常由以下几种形式充当:名词(或短语)、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、不定式等。例如:
We have found him (to be) a dishonest boy.我们发现他是一个不诚实的孩子。
I find it necessary to get a map while traveling.我感到旅行的时候有必要搞到一张地图。
They went out and found the bridge washed away by the flood. 他们走出来就发现桥梁被洪水冲走了。
On arriving at the station, he found his wife waiting to meet him. 他一到车站就发现他的妻子在等着迎接他。
When he arrived, he found the meeting over.当他来的时候,他发现会议已结束。
2. Although the four countries do work together in some areas,they are still very different. 虽然这四个国家确实在某些领域合作,但它们仍然非常不同。
句中的do work 为强调结构。强调谓语动词时,在动词原形前加do,does或did。如:
Do be careful!千万要小心!
He did have a good time last night.他昨天晚上的确玩得很开心。
注意:do的这种用法只用于肯定句,且只有现在时和过去时两种时态。如:
I do hope you have a merry Christmas!衷心祝你圣诞快乐!
He did read the letter just now.他刚才的确读过那封信。
3. There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries. 没有必要去争论为什么要用不同的词去描述这四个国家。
句中There is no need to do为固定句型,意为“没有必要做某事”。例如:
There’s no need to get so upset. Everyone is likely to have that. 没有必要如此难过,谁都会遇到那种事的。
I can hear you all right. There is no need to shout.我听得见你说话,用不着喊。
此外,还有There is no doubt that …也为固定句型,意为“毫无疑问的是……”。例如:
There is no doubt that these children will soon adapt themselves to the new environment. 毫无疑问,这些孩子将很快适应新的环境。
1. convenience
【考纲释义】 n. 便利, 方便
I keep my reference book near my desk for convenience.我把参考书放在书桌旁用着方便。
I wonder if it would be possible for us to meet at your earliest convenience.如果方便的话,不知道我们能不能尽早和您见面。
For your convenience, you’d better choose the credit card as your payment.为方便起见,您最好选用信用卡付款。
【知识拓展】
inconvenience n. 不方便 convenient adj. 便利的,适宜的
at one’s convenience在某人方便的时候 for one’s convenience (of)为了某人的方便 for convenience’s sake为了方便起见 make a convenience of …利用
2. construct
【考纲释义】 vt. 建造;构造
The Bank has purchased some property on which to construct a new building.银行已买下一些地产用于建造新大楼。
He taught us how to construct sentences. 他教我们怎样造句。
A highway is being constructed. 一条公路正在修建。
【知识拓展】
construction n.建造;建设under construction 在建造中
3. influence
【考纲释义】 n. & vt.影响, 感化, 势力, 有影响的人(或事)
My advice has no influence on his actions. 我的劝告没有影响他的行动。
The teacher has established an influence over his pupils.这个教师在学生中树立了威信。
Tony got a job in the factory because his uncle had influence there. 托尼在那个工厂里找到了一个工作,因为他叔叔在那里有权势。
Both factors definitely influence stock prices but the degree of influence may be different.这两个因素都会影响股价,但程度可能不同。
【知识拓展】
have influence on / with…对……产生影响
under the influence of 在……的影响下
4. arrange
【考纲释义】 vt. 安排, 排列, 协商
Can you arrange a visit to the exhibition? 你能安排一次参观展览会吗?
I have arranged for the boy to leave school next Easter.我已安排好让孩子在下个复活节离开学校。
You must arrange these books in alphabetical order.你要把这些书按字母顺序排好。
【知识拓展】
arrange for安排, 准备 arrange with sb. about sth.与某人商定某事
5. available
【考纲释义】 adj. 可用到的, 可利用的,有空的
They have tried all available means to open the door.他们曾试用所有有用的方法来开这门。
All the available money has been used.手头的钱都用完了。
My bicycle is not available, and it is being repaired.我的自行车现在不能用, 因为正在修理。
Attention,please. These tickets are available on the day of issue only. 请注意,这种车票仅在发售当天有效。
【知识拓展】 make sth. available to / for 使……可以享受某物; 使……买得起某物
be available from 从……可以获得
6. delight
【考纲释义】 n.快乐, 高兴, 喜悦v. (使)高兴, (使)欣喜
They got a good deal of delight from their children.他们从孩子身上得到了很多乐趣。
It is a delight for her to watch her daughter dance in the show.对她来说, 观看女儿在节目中表演舞蹈是件乐事。
Your visit last week delighted us.你上星期的来访使我们很高兴。
He delights to talk about his family in the office.他喜欢在办公室谈论他家里的事。
【知识拓展】
take / find / have delight in喜爱;以……为乐 to sb.’s delight 令人高兴的是
二、短语诠释
1. consist of 由……组成
The entire world consists of matter.整个世界都是由物质组成的。
Society does not consist of isolated individuals, but people in a network of relationships.社会并不是由一个个孤立的个体组成,而是由互相联系的人所组成。
The Olympic Games consist of the Games of the Olympiad and the Olympic Winter Games. Both take place every four years. 奥运会包括夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会,它们都是每四年举办一次。
【知识拓展】
consists in在于…… consists with一致,符合
2. divide into 把……分成
Divide the cake into quarters and share it equally.把蛋糕分成四份, 大家平均享用。
I shall have to divide the class into three groups and teach them in turn at three different levels.我得把全班学生分成三个组,按三种不同的程度轮流给他们上课。
【知识拓展】 separate … from 把……分开
3. break away from摆脱,脱离
Can what we do to help them to break away from the difficult position?我们能做什么来帮助他们摆脱困境呢?
I was encouraged to break away from old forms and rules.大家鼓励我破除旧形式和旧框框。
You have to break away from smoking,otherwise you may die of lung cancer.你必须戒掉吸烟,否则你会死于肺癌。
【知识拓展】
break in闯入;插话 break into闯入;破门而人;打断(谈话)break off中止;折断;打折 break out爆发;突然发生
break through突破;冲垮 break up分解;(使)结束;分开,分离
4. leave out省去,遗漏
I notice that the advertisement leaves out the price of the product.我注意到广告没有提到产品的价格。
Don’t leave out any necessary information on your application. 你在申请单上不要遗漏任何必要的信息。
The Chinese teacher asked her to leave out the unnecessary words and sentences. 语文老师要求她删除作文里面那些赘余的语句。
【知识拓展】 leave for 动身到(某处) leave alone不管; 撇下……一个人
leave aside搁置 leave behind遗忘;遗留
5. take the place of代替,取代
It would be difficult to find a man to take the place of the secretary.找一个代替秘书的人会很难的。
Some day steel-collar workers may take the place of human beings.有一天机器人也许会代替人干活。
【知识拓展】
take place发生;举行 take one’s place
就位;代替某人in place of (= instead of)代替in place在适当的位置 out of place不得其所,不适当地 in the first place首先 from place to place到处;各处
6. break down损坏,跨,压倒,分解
If the car should break down on the way, you would have to walk back.万一汽车中途抛锚,你就得走回来。
The machine must break down at this busy hour.正忙的时候,机器偏偏又坏了。
Your health will break down if you work too hard.如果你过分辛劳,会把身体搞垮。
Cells need the oxygen in air to break down foods and release energy. 细胞需要空气中的氧分解食物、释放能量。
三、句式详解
1. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.如今当人们提到英国,你会发现威尔士也被包括进来了。
find Wales included属于“find + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构,included为过去分词作宾语补足语。find在该结构中表示“发现,觉得,发现……处于某种状态”。find后的宾语补足语通常由以下几种形式充当:名词(或短语)、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、不定式等。例如:
We have found him (to be) a dishonest boy.我们发现他是一个不诚实的孩子。
I find it necessary to get a map while traveling.我感到旅行的时候有必要搞到一张地图。
They went out and found the bridge washed away by the flood. 他们走出来就发现桥梁被洪水冲走了。
On arriving at the station, he found his wife waiting to meet him. 他一到车站就发现他的妻子在等着迎接他。
When he arrived, he found the meeting over.当他来的时候,他发现会议已结束。
2. Although the four countries do work together in some areas,they are still very different. 虽然这四个国家确实在某些领域合作,但它们仍然非常不同。
句中的do work 为强调结构。强调谓语动词时,在动词原形前加do,does或did。如:
Do be careful!千万要小心!
He did have a good time last night.他昨天晚上的确玩得很开心。
注意:do的这种用法只用于肯定句,且只有现在时和过去时两种时态。如:
I do hope you have a merry Christmas!衷心祝你圣诞快乐!
He did read the letter just now.他刚才的确读过那封信。
3. There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries. 没有必要去争论为什么要用不同的词去描述这四个国家。
句中There is no need to do为固定句型,意为“没有必要做某事”。例如:
There’s no need to get so upset. Everyone is likely to have that. 没有必要如此难过,谁都会遇到那种事的。
I can hear you all right. There is no need to shout.我听得见你说话,用不着喊。
此外,还有There is no doubt that …也为固定句型,意为“毫无疑问的是……”。例如:
There is no doubt that these children will soon adapt themselves to the new environment. 毫无疑问,这些孩子将很快适应新的环境。