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高中物理下册“电场”一章是电磁学的基础,而电势的概念是“电场”一章的核心,既是重点又是难点,看学生是否学好了这一章,就看对有关“电势”的内容掌握得如何。如果能在有关“电势”的内容方面开设一些学生分组实验是大有益处的。我们在教学中做了一些尝试,在讲完第五节“电势差,电势差跟电场强度的关系”以后,做了学生分组实验“用电压表测绘电场的等势面”。学生在自己动手做了实验以后普遍反映说:“做完实验后觉得书上等势面的图形是真的了,再和电力线的演示实验结合起来,进一步掌握了电力线与等势面的关系”。本实验多数器材可以自制,不需购置新的
The chapter “The Electric Field” in the book “The Electric Field” is the basis of electromagnetism, and the concept of the electric potential is the core of the “Electric Field” chapter. It is both important and difficult. To see if the students have learned this chapter, it is right. What is the content of the “potential”? It would be helpful to have some student grouping experiments on the content of the “potential”. We have made some attempts in teaching. After finishing the fifth quarter, “The relationship between the potential difference and the electric field strength”, a student group experiment was conducted and “the voltmeter was used to map the equipotential surface of the electric field”. After students experimented with themselves, they generally reflected that: “After finishing the experiment, I feel that the book’s top-grade figures are true. Together with the power line demonstration experiments, I have further grasped the relationship between the power line and the equipotential surface. ". Most of the equipment in this experiment can be made without purchasing new ones