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医学院校高年级学生掌握一定数量单词和基本语法后开始阅读专业记刊时,经常会遇到许多理解上的困难。造成这些困难的主要原因,概括起来不外两类,一类是对一个词的确切含义的理解问题;另一类是语法结构问题。本文对词义理解问题,就个人在教学中积累的一些资料,提出粗浅的体会,就正于读者。 (一)医学词汇问题医学文献中有大量医学专业词汇。开始阅读的同学往往把注意力放在这类词汇上。其实,根据统计,专业词汇在文献中的比例并不大,一般只占四分之一左右,其余都是普通词汇。专业词汇的含义都比较明确肯定,不难理解。象appendicitis(兰尾炎),antigen(抗原)等词,不管在什么地方,和什么词连在一起,含义都是一样。不认识的专业词,在一个情况下查出了它所指的是什么,在另一情况下指的还是那东西或那现象。当然,专业词汇也有一词多义的,如caries既作龋又作骨疡解,
When senior students in medical schools start to read professional journals after mastering a certain number of words and basic grammar, they often encounter many difficulties in understanding. The main reason for these difficulties, summed up in no more than two categories, one is the exact meaning of a word understanding; the other is the grammatical structure. This article on the understanding of the word meaning, personal information accumulated in the teaching, put forward a superficial understanding, just as the reader. (A) medical vocabulary medical literature there is a large number of medical vocabulary. Students who begin to read tend to focus on these words. In fact, according to statistics, the proportion of professional vocabulary in the literature is not large, generally only about a quarter or so, the rest are common vocabulary. The meaning of professional terms are more clear and certainly not difficult to understand. Words such as appendicitis and antigen are the same, regardless of where and in what words they are linked together. An unrecognized professional word, in one case, identifies what it refers to and, in another case, that thing or that phenomenon. Of course, there is a word polysemy in professional vocabulary, such as caries and caries,