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研究背景］恶性综合征于１９６０年代由法国学者首先报道，此后，苏联、日本、美国等也报道过．［病例报告］病例１，男，诊断为精神分裂症，服氯丙嗪１００ｍｇ／ｄ，肌肉注射氟哌啶醇１０ｍｇ／ｄ，次日出现恶性综合征症状，停用抗精神病药，并给予对症、支持治疗，恢复正常．病例２，女，诊断为躁郁症，服丙咪嗪２００ｍｇ／ｄ，碳酸锂０．８ｇ／ｄ，４０ｄ后，出现恶性综合症症状，即停丙咪嗪，为控制躁动加用氟哌啶醇１５ｍｇ肌肉注射后，控制了躁动，以对症、支持处理后症状消失．［病例讨论］恶性综合征的诊断指标是在精神药物治疗中出现意识障碍，不明原因的持续高热，伴锥体外系症状和自主神经功能障碍．恶性综合征的预防应注意患者的躯体情况，用药宜小剂量开始，尽量避免胃肠道外、大剂量、快速、合并给药及骤增骤减精神药物．预防的关键在于合理使用精神药物
Background] Malignant syndrome was first reported by French scholars in the 1960s, and since then, the Soviet Union, Japan, the United States and others have also been reported. [Case Report] Case 1, male, diagnosed as schizophrenia, taking chlorpromazine 100mg / d, intramuscular haloperidol 10mg / d, the next day symptoms of malignant syndrome, withdrawal of antipsychotics, and given symptomatic , Supportive treatment, returned to normal. Case 2, female, diagnosis of bipolar disorder, taking imipramine 200mg / d, lithium carbonate 0.8g / d, 40d, the symptoms of malignant syndrome, that is, imipramine, for the control of agitation plus droperidol Alcohol 15mg intramuscular injection, control of restlessness, symptomatic, supportive treatment after the symptoms disappear. Case Discussion The diagnostic criteria for malignant syndrome are unconscious, persistent high fever with symptoms of extrapyramidal symptoms and autonomic dysfunction in psychiatric treatment. Prevention of malignant syndrome should pay attention to the patient’s physical condition, medication should be low-dose start, try to avoid the gastrointestinal tract, high-dose, rapid, combined administration and sudden reduction of psychotropic substances. The key to prevention lies in the rational use of psychotropic substances