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目的掌握云南省祥云县麻疹流行特征及健康人群麻疹免疫水平。方法收集祥云县2000 2012年麻疹疫情资料并进行流行病学分析;用间接酶联免疫吸附试验对患者和健康人群血清分别检测麻疹IgM和IgG抗体。结果祥云县2000-2012年共报告麻疹病例58例。年均发病率0.98/10万(0~3.1/10万),主要发病地区为祥城、米甸和下庄镇。全年均可发病,春季为高峰。<8月龄及≥20岁病例占总病例数的63.79%。健康人群麻疹抗体阳性率为93.15%,其中<8月龄、8~17月龄、1.5~5岁、6~9岁、10~14岁、15~19岁和≥20岁抗体阳性率依次为77.94%、91.41%、92.65%、92.98%、95.13%、97.30%和97.21%。麻疹抗体保护率71.05%,其中<8月龄、8~17月龄、1.5~5岁、6~9岁、10~14岁、15~19岁和≥20岁抗体保护率依次为9.09%、64.63%、85.92%、79.23%、74.60%、80.82%和61.33%。结论祥云县麻疹发病以<8月龄及≥20岁成人为主,此2个年龄段抗体阳性率和保护率也最低。为消除麻疹,应加强婴幼儿和成年人的免疫接种。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of measles and the level of measles immunity in healthy population in Xiangyun County, Yunnan Province. Methods The epidemiological data of measles in 2000 in Yunxian County were collected and analyzed by epidemiological analysis. IgM and IgG antibodies against measles were detected by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum of patients and healthy people. Results A total of 58 measles cases were reported in Xiangyun County from 2000 to 2012. The average annual incidence of 0.98 / 100000 (0 ~ 3.1 / 100000), the main incidence of Xiangcheng City, Midian and Xiazhuang town. Disease can occur throughout the year, the spring peak. <8 months of age and ≥ 20 years of age cases accounted for 63.79% of the total number of cases. The positive rate of measles antibody in healthy population was 93.15%, of which the positive rate of antibody was <8 months old, 8-17 months old, 1.5-5 years old, 6-9 years old, 10-14 years old, 15-19 years old and ≥20 years old were 77.94%, 91.41%, 92.65%, 92.98%, 95.13%, 97.30% and 97.21%. The protective rate of measles antibody was 71.05%, among which antibody protection rate of <8 months old, 8-17 months old, 1.5-5 years old, 6-9 years old, 10-14 years old, 15-19 years old and ≥20 years old were 9.09% 64.63%, 85.92%, 79.23%, 74.60%, 80.82% and 61.33% respectively. Conclusion The incidence of measles in Xiangyun County was mainly in adults <8 months old and ≥20 years old, and the antibody positive rate and protective rate in these two age groups were the lowest. To eliminate measles, immunization of infants and young children should be strengthened.