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炭疽病是因感染炭疽杆菌所引起的急性传染病。依传播途径不同可分为皮肤炭疽、肺炭疽和肠炭疽。该病潜伏期可短至十几小时,长至一——或三天:肠炭疽如治疗不及时会在24小时内死亡。自1949至1968年,我厂共发生皮肤炭疽患者66名(占全部患者的78.5%),全部治愈;内脏型患者18名(占患者总数的21.4%)全部死亡。这期间所用阿斯和里检疫法,只能检出曾患炭疽病的死畜皮张,但不能控制其对周围环境以至其它商品的污染。 1965年至1969年,我厂与其它单位共同研究试验了环氧乙烷熏蒸消毒皮张炭疽杆菌方法获得成功,并自1969年起我广在全国首次开始使用。二十年的实践证明该法良好的杀菌效果:至1989年我厂无一例炭疽患者。今后应注意的几个问题: (1)应清楚地认识到,没发现患者并不能说明生产环境中没有炭疽杆菌。为此,卫生保健人员应
Anthrax is an acute infectious disease caused by Bacillus anthracis. Depending on the route of transmission can be divided into skin anthrax, lung anthrax and intestinal anthrax. The incubation period of the disease can be as short as a dozen hours, up to one or three days: Intestinal anthrax if not treated within 24 hours will die. Since 1949 to 1968, a total of 66 skin anthrax patients (78.5% of all patients) were cured in our factory, and all of them were cured. Eighteen patients (21.4% of the total number of patients) died of visceral disease. During this period, the Ashe and Quarz Quarantine Law only detected dead animal skin that had been suffering from anthrax but could not control its pollution to the environment and other commodities. From 1965 to 1969, our factory and other units jointly researched and tested the success of the fumigation and sterilization of ethylene oxide by Bacillus anthracis, and it has been widely used in China for the first time since 1969. Twenty years of practice have proved that the Act good bactericidal effect: to 1989, no one case of anthrax in our plant. Several issues that should be noted in the future: (1) It should be clearly recognized that no patient is found to be unaffected by Bacillus anthracis in the production environment. To this end, health workers should