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硬化层的特征通常由它的硬度、深度来表征。硬化层材料的微观结构又取决硬化过程。由于硬化层与基体的微观结构不同，也就为超声波测量硬化层的深度提供了条件。本文用超声波的３种波形测量硬化层的深度，并将测量结果与标准试块测量数据进行比较。给出了相关的参数和研究曲线。实验结果表明：用横波法、等体积波法测量硬化层的深度均是可行的；而用表面波法测量，目前尚存在一定的困难。
The characteristics of the hardened layer are usually characterized by its hardness and depth. The microstructure of the hardened layer material in turn depends on the hardening process. Due to the different microstructures of the hardened layer and the substrate, the conditions for measuring the depth of the hardened layer by ultrasound are also provided. In this paper, three kinds of ultrasonic waveforms are used to measure the depth of the hardened layer, and the measurement results are compared with the standard test data. Relevant parameters and research curves are given. The experimental results show that it is feasible to measure the depth of the hardened layer by the transverse wave method and the isovolumetric wave method. However, there are still some difficulties when using the surface wave method.