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拥挤控制是协议研究的重要内容，随着Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ在全球范围的迅速蔓延，ＴＣＰ／ＩＰ协议的拥挤避免和控制算法及实现研究也变得更加重要和急迫．本文讨论拥挤控制定义和分类后，深入分析标准化和研究性的ＴＣＰ拥挤控制算法及在真实系统的实现．随着ＡＴＭ载量管理和应用多点投递需求出现，以及Ｉｎｔｅｒ－ｎｅｔ网络拓扑、协议、实现和应用的异构化，传统拥挤控制算法遇到新的问题．我们进一步研究和探讨传统ＴＣＰ和新型ＸＴＰ协议在新的网络和应用场合拥挤避免所需的协议机制和控制策略
Congestion control is an important part of protocol research. With the rapid spread of Internet in the world, TCP / IP congestion avoidance and control algorithms and implementation research become more and more important and urgent. After discussing the definition and classification of congestion control in this paper, we deeply analyze the standardized and research TCP congestion control algorithm and its implementation in real system. With the emergence of ATM load management and multi-drop delivery requirements and the heterogeneity of Inter-net network topologies, protocols, implementations and applications, traditional congestion control algorithms encounter new problems. We further investigate and explore the traditional TCP and new XTP protocols in new networks and applications where crowding avoids the required protocol mechanisms and control strategies