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矮源矬大豆的矮秆性状表现受一对隐性主效基因和若干修饰基因所控制。在较高 F_2植株间株高表现连续变异。F_2频率分布的高峰和变幅都向较矮方向漂移和扩大,其程度不仅受改良亲本株高基因的影响,还受其结荚习性基因的作用。矮秆基因对降低株高,缩短节间长度,提高每节荚数、收获指数、抗倒伏性和其它产量性状都有一定效果。具有矬大豆血缘的四组合25个改良品系平均亩产比著名推广品种九农9号增产7.3～16.9%,最高产品系亩产511斤增产49.0%。株高降低的程度应以改良亲本的特点决定。矮秆育种要以抗倒伏保增产为主要目标,并非愈矮愈好。
Dwarf 矬 soybean dwarf traits performance by a recessive main gene and a number of modified genes under the control. The plant height of continuous F2 plants showed continuous variation. The peak and amplitude of the frequency distribution of F 2 both drifted and expanded toward the shorter direction. The degree of F 2 was affected not only by the improved parental plant height genes but also by its pod-locus genes. Dwarfing genes have some effect on reducing plant height, shortening the internode length, increasing pods per section, harvest index, lodging resistance and other yield traits. The average yield per mu of 25 improved lines with 矬-soybean relatives was 7.3 ~ 16.9% higher than that of the famous extension variety “Nine-Nong 9”, and the highest yield was 49.1%. The degree of plant height reduction should be determined by the characteristics of the improved parent. Dwarf breeding to anti-lodging Paul yield as the main goal, not the shorter the better.