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在历年的高考中,对带电粒子在电场中的运动的考查会涉及到如何定性判断变力作用下粒子的运动轨迹问题,或者由粒子的运动轨迹来判断粒子的受力情况,进而确定粒子的电性、电势能的变化等问题。由于学生在高一时只接触直线运动和简单的曲线运动(运动形式简单的匀速直线运动和受力情况简单的平抛运动),所以他们对粒子在受到与初速度方向成一定夹角的合力作用下所做的一般曲线运动往往无从想象,不知从何入手。因此,对此类题目产生惧怕的心理,影响了答题质量。针对这种情况,笔者结合学生的实际,即根据学生的现有知识和接受能力,按照从简单到复杂的教学过程,逐步引导学生掌握这类问
In the college entrance examination over the years, the examination of the motion of charged particles in the electric field will involve how to qualitatively determine the particle trajectory problem under the influence of invariant force, or determine the force condition of particles by the particle trajectory, and then determine the particle’s Electrical and potential energy changes and other issues. Since students only touch linear movements and simple curve motions at the first year of the students (simple uniform linear motions in the form of motion and simple planar motions in the case of stress), they are responsible for the resultant force of the particles at a certain angle from the initial velocity. The general curve exercise underneath is often unimaginable and I don’t know where to start. Therefore, the fear of such topics has affected the quality of the questions. In view of this situation, the author combined with the students’ actual situation, that is, according to the students’ existing knowledge and ability to accept, and gradually guide the students to master such questions according to the teaching process from simple to complex.