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[目的]掌握青岛市肾综合征出血热的流行病学特征和存在问题,指导防治工作。[方法]对历年监测资料进行分析。[结果]青岛市1977~2007年HFRS发病率波动在0~33.34/10万之间,平均为6.85/10万;病死率在0~27.27%之间,平均为5.04%。分为早期、第1次高峰期、平稳期、第2次高峰期和缓慢下降期5个阶段。秋冬季发病是夏秋季的2.26倍。20~59岁占80.93%,男女之比为2.38∶1,农民占83.83%。郊区5个市和黄岛区发病较重。野外宿主动物密度为1.10%,带病毒率为2.47%;居民区密度为1.89%,带病毒率为2.33%。黑线姬鼠和褐家鼠是主要鼠种。2000~2007年带病毒率比1990~1999年增高。[结论]青岛市近年HFRS发病率降低,但宿主动物带病毒率上升,存在流行的潜在危险,预防措施应该加强。
[Objective] To master the epidemiological characteristics and existing problems of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Qingdao and to guide the prevention and treatment work. [Method] The monitoring data of the past years were analyzed. [Results] The incidence of HFRS fluctuated between 0 and 33.34 per 100 000 in Qingdao from 1977 to 2007, with an average of 6.85 per 100 000. The case fatality rate was between 0 and 27.27% with an average of 5.04%. Divided into early, first peak, stable, the second peak and slow decline in five stages. Autumn and winter incidence is 2.26 times in summer and autumn. 20 to 59 years old accounted for 80.93%, male to female ratio was 2.38: 1, farmers accounted for 83.83%. Outskirts of five cities and Huangdao District incidence heavier. The density of host animals in the field was 1.10%, with a virus rate of 2.47%. The population density was 1.89% and the virus rate was 2.33%. Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegicus are the major species. From 2000 to 2007 with the virus rate increased from 1990 to 1999. [Conclusion] The morbidity of HFRS in Qingdao has been reduced in recent years, but the viral load in host animals has risen and there is a potential risk of epidemics. The preventive measures should be strengthened.