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目的:了解温州市食品中气单胞菌的分布情况,气单胞菌毒力因子的携带情况及其对抗菌药物的敏感性,为食物中毒监测提供科学依据和为食品安全的危险性评估提供依据。方法:采用分步筛选及系统鉴定方法对食品进行气单胞菌检测,通过蛋白酶试验检测气单胞菌的蛋白酶,采用血平板法观察溶血,采用PCR方法检测hlyA和aerA两种毒素基因。采用K-B纸片扩散法进行药敏试验。结果:298份食品中,检出气单胞菌55株,总检出率为18.46%。其中维罗纳气单胞菌温和生物变种检出率最高,为8.72%(26/298),其次为嗜水气单胞菌,检出率为6.04%(18/298)。各类食品中气单胞菌的检出率则以生肉类中检出率最高,为32.95%(29/88)。气单胞菌中hlyA基因携带率为21.82%,aerA基因携带率为23.64%,蛋白酶携带率为30.91%,47.27%的菌株有溶血现象。药敏试验表明,气单胞菌对利福平、氨苄青霉素的耐药率较高,对丁胺卡那、庆大霉素、氟哌酸的敏感性高。结论:温州市食品中气单胞菌污染比较严重,许多菌株携带致病因子,并对部分抗菌药物的耐药性较强。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the distribution of Aeromonas aeruginosa in Wenzhou City, the carrying status of aeromonas virulence factors and their sensitivity to antimicrobial agents, provide a scientific basis for food poisoning monitoring and provide a risk assessment for food safety in accordance with. Methods: The aerobic bacteria were tested by step - by - step screening and systematic identification. The proteases of Aeromonas were tested by protease. The hemolysis was observed by the blood plate method. The two toxin genes of hlyA and aerA were detected by PCR. K-B disk diffusion method for susceptibility testing. Results: Among 298 foodstuffs, 55 strains of Aeromonas were detected, the total detection rate was 18.46%. Among them, the detection rate of Aeromonas aeruginosa was the highest, accounting for 8.72% (26/298), followed by Aeromonas hydrophila, the detection rate was 6.04% (18/298). The detection rate of Aeromonas in all kinds of food was highest in raw meat, which was 32.95% (29/88). Aeromonas in hlyA gene carrying rate of 21.82%, aerA gene carrying rate of 23.64%, protease carrying rate of 30.91%, 47.27% of the strains hemolysis. Susceptibility tests showed that Aeromonas resistance to rifampicin, ampicillin higher resistance to amikacin, gentamicin, norfloxacin sensitivity. Conclusion: Aeromonas sobria in food in Wenzhou City is more polluted. Many strains carry virulence factors and are more resistant to some antibiotics.