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目的:研究早孕胚胎的胚外环境。方法:非意愿妊娠人工流产前在B超下对28例孕6～11周胚胎进行胚外体腔穿刺,抽取体腔液,同时抽取孕妇静脉血,其中8例同时穿刺羊膜腔抽取羊膜腔液,行生化检测。结果:母血中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、总蛋白远高于胚外体腔液及羊膜腔液(P<0.01);Na~+、Cl~+、肌酐浓度也较高(P<0.05),K~+、Ca~(2+)浓度基本相似(P>0.05);葡萄糖浓度略高于体腔液(P<0.01),与羊膜腔液基本相似(P>0.05)。胚外体腔液蛋白浓度是羊膜腔液的3倍,Ca~(2+)及肌酐浓度也较高(P<0.05)。其余指标无显著性差异。结论:早孕阶段母体-绒毛间隙-羊膜囊存在交流,并呈现一定梯度,绒毛膜及羊膜起了半透膜的作用,限制营养物质交换和代谢,从而保持胚胎在早期发育中有相对稳定的内环境。
Objective: To study the extraembryonic environment of early embryos. Methods: 28 cases of embryos from 6 weeks to 11 weeks of gestation were subjected to extra-corporeal biopsy before B-subjection to unwanted pregnancy. Body fluid was drawn and venous blood was extracted from pregnant women. 8 cases of amniotic fluid Biochemical tests. Results: The levels of AKP and total protein in maternal blood were much higher than those in extra-corporeal and amniotic fluid (P <0.01). Na +, Cl ~ + and creatinine were also higher (P <0.05) , K ~ + and Ca ~ (2+) were similar (P> 0.05). The glucose concentration was slightly higher than that of the body fluid (P <0.01), which was similar to that of the amniotic fluid (P> 0.05). The extraembryonic fluid protein concentration was three times that of amniotic fluid and the concentrations of Ca2 + and creatinine were also higher (P <0.05). The remaining indicators no significant difference. CONCLUSION: There is exchange of maternal - villous space - amniotic sac in the early stage of pregnancy, showing a certain gradient. The chorionic and amniotic membranes play a role of semipermeable membrane, limiting the exchange and metabolism of nutrients, thus keeping the embryos relatively stable in early development surroundings.