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利用4 个粒重相近品种( 组合) ,对胚乳发育期间蔗糖、可溶性糖和淀粉含量、籽粒灌浆速率及与淀粉合成有关的6 个酶活性的变化进行了研究。结果表明,品种间及不同剪叶处理间强势粒的淀粉积累和酶活性差异较小,而弱势粒差异明显。蔗糖合成酶,ADPG焦磷酸化酶、可溶态淀粉合成酶、淀粉分枝酶(Q酶) 、活性的变化与灌浆速率曲线十分吻合,相关性极显著,而UDPG焦磷酸化酶活性变化与灌浆速率曲线吻合性较差。结合态淀粉合成酶活性随胚乳发育逐渐增强,与直链淀粉含量相关密切。说明,蔗糖合成酶、ADPG 焦磷酸化酶,可溶态淀粉合成酶、Q酶为控制胚乳淀粉积累的关键性酶,而结合态淀粉合成酶主要与直链淀粉合成有关。剪叶降低弱势粒酶活性和淀粉的积累,表明源的同化物供应对开花后胚乳的发育起重要作用。
Changes in sucrose, soluble sugar and starch content, grain filling rate and six enzymes involved in starch synthesis during endosperm development were studied using four kernel weight and similar varieties (combinations). The results showed that there was little difference in starch accumulation and enzyme activity among the strong grains among varieties and between different leaf-cutting treatments, while the difference between the weak grains was obvious. Sucrose synthase, ADPG pyrophosphorylase, soluble starch synthase and starch branching enzyme (Qase), the changes of activity were in good agreement with the filling rate curve, and the correlation was very significant. However, the activity of UDPG pyrophosphorylase and Grain filling rate curve consistency is poor. The activity of bound starch synthase gradually increased with the development of endosperm, closely related to the amylose content. The results showed that sucrose synthase, ADPG pyrophosphorylase, soluble starch synthase and Q enzyme were the key enzymes controlling starch accumulation in endosperm, while bound starch synthase was mainly related to amylose synthesis. Leaf-cutting reduced the activity of inferior granzyme and the accumulation of starch, suggesting that the source assimilate supply plays an important role in the development of post-flowering endosperm.