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为明确黄荆精油及其主要成分作为储粮保护剂的开发利用价值,采用水蒸气蒸馏法从泰山黄荆Vitex,negundo Linn.叶片中提取精油,利用GC-MS技术进行了成分分析鉴定,研究了黄荆精油及其主要成分桉树脑和α-蒎烯对玉米象Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky成虫的毒力及作用机制。结果表明:黄荆精油中含量大于0.3%的成分有31种,其中石竹烯、桉树脑和α-蒎烯的含量分别为35.97%,8.21%和0.69%。桉树脑、α-蒎烯和黄荆精油对玉米象成虫的综合杀虫毒力都较高,并以桉树脑的毒力最高,LC_(50)为0.7171 g·kg~(-1);在2.0 g·kg~(-1)剂量下,桉树脑、α-蒎烯和黄荆精油对玉米象种群的抑制率分别达100%,85.45%和89.73%;3种药剂对玉米象72 h触杀LC_(50)分别为0.2690,0.7529和0.2969 mg·cm~(-2),毒力都很高;3种药剂在4g·kg~(-1)剂量下,对玉米象的驱避率分别为96.49%,84.26%和90.61%,防虫作用大;3种药剂对玉米象72 h的熏蒸LC_(50)分别为14.053,28.648和21.429μL·L~(-1),熏蒸杀虫毒力较高,其中以桉树脑的毒力最高。3种药剂对玉米象有干扰呼吸的作用,对离体乙酰胆碱酯酶、过氧化氢酶和羧酸酯酶都有抑制作用。这些结果明黄荆精油及其主要成分的作用机制具有多样性。
In order to clarify the value of the development and utilization of the essential oil of Huangjing and its main components as the preservative of stored grain, the essential oil was extracted from leaves of Vitex, negundo Linn. By steam distillation, and the constituents were identified by GC-MS. The virulence and mechanism of the essential oil of Huang Jing and its main components Eucalyptol and α-pinene on adult corn like Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky were studied. The results showed that there were 31 species with more than 0.3% of the total content of the essential oil, 35.97%, 8.21% and 0.69% of the caryophyllene, cineole and α-pinene, respectively. Eucalyptus brain, α-pinene and Huang Jing essential oils of adult corn like adult insecticides virulence are higher, and the highest toxicity of cineole, LC_ (50) is 0.7171 g · kg -1; in Under 2.0 g · kg -1 dose, the inhibitory rates of eucalyptol, α-pinene and vitex were 100%, 85.45% and 89.73% LC 50, 0.2690,0.7529, and 0.2969 mg · cm -2, respectively. The repellents of the three pesticides at 4g · kg -1 were 96.49%, 84.26% and 90.61%, respectively. The fumigation LC 50 of the three agents on maize like 72 h were 14.053,28.648 and 21.429 μL·L -1, respectively. The fumigation insecticidal toxicity was higher Among them, the eucalyptus brain has the highest toxicity. The three kinds of pesticides have the effect of resisting respiration on corn and inhibit the acetylcholinesterase, catalase and carboxylesterase in vitro. These results Minghuang Jing essential oil and its main components of the mechanism of action has diversity.