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80年代初,洛内克斯(Lornex)露天矿某些坚韧废石区爆破破碎质量差、根底高、电铲磨损过度、重新穿孔爆破频繁,必须对这些区域进行更深入的了解。用地质填图(geotechnical mapping)、穿孔速率数据、圈定根底等标高线、观测电铲和钻机性能的联合法,确定了这些坚韧废石区的特性和范围。这些补充资料是由地质填图员和爆破管理员共同取得的。测定了有特殊地质特征的不同区域,为洛内克斯露天矿制定了一个有三种可爆性和可铲挖性的分类系统,后来该系统很成功地用于瓦利(Valley)露天矿。这三类爆区叫做难爆区、难易适中爆区和易爆区。对这个系统将作详细介绍。爆破管理员调整每个爆区的爆破参数尤其是孔间距和排间距。最后所得到的单位炸药消耗量表明,每个露天矿以及这两个露天矿之间这三类爆区差别很大。为了改善破碎质量对孔网几何尺寸和孔口长度也作了调整。由于减少难爆区的重复穿爆量和钻机及电铲的磨损量以及更充分利用这三类爆区的炸药能量,节省了一笔开支。据估计,海兰瓦利(Highland Valley)铜公司一年节省的费用正好超过100万加元。地质填图的附加成果是测定了不稳定构造和水流区。然后使爆破适应这些情况以提高边坡稳定性。
In the early 1980s, blasting in some of the tough waste rock areas of the Lornex opencast mine had poor crushing quality, high foundation, excessive wear on the power shovels and frequent re-piercing blasting, necessitating a deeper understanding of these areas. Geotechnical mapping, perforation rate data, delineation of basement elevations and so forth were used to determine the nature and extent of these tough waste rock areas by a combination of observations of shovels and rig performance. These supplements were jointly obtained by the geomanager and the blast manager. Different areas with special geological features were determined and a classification system with three explosibility and shovels was developed for the Lonex opencast mine which was later successfully used in the Valley open pit mine. These three types of blasting area is called hard to explode area, it is easy to moderate blast area and explosive area. This system will be described in detail. The blast manager adjusts the blasting parameters for each blast area, especially the hole spacing and row spacing. The resulting unit explosive consumption shows that there is a wide difference between each of the three open pit mines and the two open pit mines. In order to improve the quality of the hole on the hole mesh geometry and aperture length has also been adjusted. Savings have been saved as a result of reducing the amount of repetitive blasting in hard-to-blow zones and the wear of rigs and power shovels, as well as making the fullest possible use of explosive energy in these three types of zones. It is estimated that the Highland Valley copper company saved just over $ 1 million a year. An additional result of geological mapping is the determination of unstable structures and water flow areas. The blast is then adapted to these conditions to improve slope stability.