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利用温室内微区试验,研究不同施肥处理鸡粪(M)、鸡粪+K2SO4(MK)、鸡粪+稻草(MR)、鸡粪+稻草+K2SO4(MRK)对番茄产量、根系活力及土壤生物学特性的影响。结果表明:多种物料混合施用的MRK、MR、MK处理的产量、根系活力、生物学特性[微生物量碳(MBC)、微生物量氮(MBN)、中性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶]显著高于施用单一物料M,其中MRK效果最明显,与M处理相比,其产量增加了31.59%,MBC增加了36.04%,MBN增加了31.25%,中性磷酸酶增加了59.46%,蔗糖酶增加了49.76%,脲酶增加了48.81%,过氧化氢酶增加了11.76%;而且根系活力与MBC、MBN、脲酶、蔗糖酶及过氧化氢酶活性呈显著正相关;MBC、MBN、中性磷酸酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶活性与产量关系密切(相关系数分别为0.963、0.953、0.836、0.973、0.975、0.925)。因此,对于设施番茄,添加鸡粪、稻草并配施钾肥对保持土壤健康具有重要意义。同时设施番茄土壤微生物量碳氮与土壤酶活性、根系活力及作物产量具有很好的一致性,可以表征土壤肥力状况、植株吸收营养能力与生产力水平。
Using the micro-region experiment in greenhouse, the effects of different manure application treatments on the yield and root vigor of tomato and the effect of soil fertility on tomato yield and root activity were studied. Effects of biological characteristics. The results showed that the yield, root vigor and biological characteristics of MRK, MR and MK combined treatment with a variety of materials [microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), neutral phosphatase, sucrase, urease, Compared with M treatment, its yield was increased by 31.59%, MBC increased by 36.04%, MBN increased by 31.25% and neutral phosphatase increased by 59.46 %, Sucrase increased 49.76%, urease increased 48.81%, catalase increased 11.76%; and root activity and MBC, MBN, urease, invertase and catalase activity was significantly positively correlated; MBC, MBN , Neutral phosphatase, urease, sucrase, catalase activity and yield were closely related (correlation coefficients were 0.963,0.953,0.836,0.973,0.975,0.925 respectively). Therefore, for the facilities of tomato, adding chicken manure, straw and potassium fertilizer to maintain soil health is of great significance. At the same time, soil microbial biomass C and N in tomato plants had good consistency with soil enzyme activity, root activity and crop yield, which could characterize soil fertility, plant nutrient uptake and productivity.