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为了弄清对虾高位池循环水养殖过程中水体环境因子的变动规律,有效调控水体环境质量,提高养殖效益和生态效益,以凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannarnei)为试验对象,研究了高位池循环水养殖过程中水体溶解氧(DO)、悬浮物(SS)、pH值和叶绿素a(Chl-a)等环境因子的变化特征。设计了3种不同循环处理量组,即20m3/h组(P1组)、40m3/h组(P2组)和60m3/h组(P3组)。结果表明:不同循环处理量组的循环水养殖系统均能有效提高水体中DO质量浓度,相对空白对照组,P1、P2、P3对DO质量浓度的相对增长率分别为8%、15%、18%;各循环处理量组水体pH值均稳定在7.84～7.96;P1、P2对SS处理效果不明显,P3对SS的相对降低率达到34%;P1组Chl-a质量浓度变化不明显,P2、P3组Chl-a质量浓度分别降低13%和28%。综合比较分析:对虾高位池循环水养殖系统能明显提高水体DO质量浓度,维持水体pH值稳定平衡,降低水体SS和Chl-a质量浓度;60m3/h循环处理量组对水质调控效果最好,40 m3/h组次之,20 m3/h组较差。
In order to clarify the variation rules of environmental factors of water body during recirculating aquaculture in the upper pond of shrimp ponds and effectively control the environmental quality of the water bodies and improve the breeding and ecological benefits, Litopenaeus vannarnei was used to study the effects of recirculation The changes of environmental factors such as dissolved oxygen (DO), suspended solids (SS), pH value and chlorophyll a (Chl-a) during the aquaculture process. Three different circulation volume groups were designed, namely 20m3 / h group (P1 group), 40m3 / h group (P2 group) and 60m3 / h group (P3 group). The results showed that the recirculation aquaculture system could effectively improve the DO concentration in water. The relative growth rates of P1, P2 and P3 to DO were 8%, 15% and 18% %. The pH value of the water in each cycle treatment group was stable at 7.84 ~ 7.96; the effect of SS treatment on P1 and P2 was not obvious, the relative reduction rate of SS on SS was 34%; the change of Chl-a concentration on P1 group was not obvious, , P3 group Chl-a mass concentration decreased by 13% and 28%. Comprehensive comparative analysis: Recycling aquaculture system of shrimp ponds can significantly improve the DO mass concentration of water body to maintain a stable pH balance of water body, reducing the mass concentration of SS and Chl-a water; 60m3 / h circulation treatment group of the best water quality control, 40 m3 / h group followed, 20 m3 / h group is poor.