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以开都河流域下游绿洲为研究区,通过野外调查、采样与室内实验分析,采用数值统计方法与主成分分析方法对区域土壤盐分特征进行研究。研究结果表明:(1)0~10cm土层,土壤盐分含量为0.7348g·kg-1,10~30cm土层为0.2070g·kg-1,30~50cm土层为0.1852g·kg-1。随土层深度增加土壤盐分含盐量减少,土壤盐分含盐量的变异系数分别为319%、211%和193%,呈现强变异性。(2)0~10cm、10~30cm和30~50cm土层中,随着土层深度的增加,Cl-、SO42-、Mg2+和K++Na+离子的均值逐渐减少,总体上盐分分布具有较强的表聚性。(3)土壤盐渍化状况的特征因子是Cl-与SO42-。(4)未利用地土壤总盐分均值高于其它土地利用类型,耕地次之,林地的最小,分别为0.4420g·kg-1、0.0755g·kg-1和0.0414g·kg-1。
Taking the oasis in the lower reaches of the Kaidu River basin as the research area, the field soil salinity characteristics were studied through field investigation, sampling and laboratory experiments. The numerical methods and principal component analysis were used to study the characteristics of soil salinity. The results showed that: (1) Soil salt content was 0.7348g · kg-1 in 0 ~ 10cm soil layer, 0.2070g · kg-1 in 10-30cm soil layer and 0.1852g · kg-1 in 30-50cm soil layer. With the increase of soil depth, the salinity of soil salinity decreased. The coefficient of variation of soil salt salinity was 319%, 211% and 193%, respectively, showing a strong variability. (2) In 0 ~ 10cm, 10 ~ 30cm and 30 ~ 50cm soil layers, with the increase of soil depth, the average values of Cl-, SO42-, Mg2 + and K ++ Na + ions decreased gradually. Strong polygamy. (3) The characteristic factors of soil salinization are Cl- and SO42-. (4) The mean value of soil total salinity of unused land was higher than other land use types, followed by cultivated land and woodland with the minimum values of 0.4420g · kg-1, 0 · 0755g · kg-1 and 0.0414g · kg-1, respectively.