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北京国子监是元、明、清三代国家最高学府和国家教育管理机构。清朝末年,旧有教育制度弊端早已显现,在教育改革的呼声中,光绪三十一年(1905)9月废除科举制度,11月设立学部,兴办现代学堂,随之,撤销国子监,归并学部,国子监至此失去原有职能。1911年中华民国建立,1912年7月“教育部就前国子监官舍设立历史博物馆筹办处”~①,这就是今天天安门广场上中国国家博物馆的前身“国立历史博物馆筹办处”。1918年,教育部将该
Beijing Guozijian Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the highest national institution and state education and management agencies. In the late years of the Qing Dynasty, the shortcomings of the old education system had already appeared. In the voice of education reform, the imperial examination system was abolished in September 31 (1905) in September of this year and the modern school was set up in November. Subsequently, So far, the Imperial College lost its original function. In 1911, the Republic of China was established. In July 1912, the Ministry of Education set up the Historical Museum Office on the former State Administration Offices. This is the predecessor of the National Museum of China at the Tiananmen Square today. In 1918, the Ministry of Education will