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本文根据银雀山汉墓出土的《孙膑兵法》与同时出土的《孙子兵法》残简,参以它书,作了考证,重点指出今本《九变》篇中的重大失误在于把“君命有所不受”与“途有所不由,军有所不击,城有所不攻,地有所不争”五条并列,致使这末一条“君命有所不受”竞孤立地成为历来封建割据者的理论根据。实际上,根据残简诸篇互参,得知此五条仅为该文提出论述之小题目,而五条內容中之末条,即“君命有所不受”与前四条并非并列关系。因为残简中在论述了前四条之后,末条明确指出“君令有反此四变者,则弗[行]也”的情况下才适用的。可见“君命有所不受”不能抛开前四条孤立地理解和使用。据此,本文的价值在于解决了自曹操以来十家注《《孙子》中此篇的要害问题,以新的科学解释,恢复了孙子军事思想的本来面貌,纠正了一千多年来的一个重大谬误。
This article based on the “War on Sun” and unearthed “Sun Tzu Art of War” unearthed from the Tomb of the Silver Worship at Tomb of Han Dynasty, with reference to its book, made a research, highlighting the major mistakes in this “nine changes” lies in the “ Jun life is not subject to ”and “ on the way there is no reason, the army has not hit, the city has not attack, the place is not contested ”five parallel, resulting in this last one In isolation, he has become the theoretical basis of the feudal and secularist. In fact, according to the remnants of each chapter, each of these five articles is only a small topic for the article to be discussed. The last of the five articles, namely, “Never mind the king,” is not in parallel with the first four articles. Since the first four articles are discussed in the essay, the last article clearly states that “if the order is reversed, then the essay applies.” Can be seen “Do not have a disgraced king ” can not be ignored in the first four understand and use. Accordingly, the value of this article is to solve the key issue of this article in ten notes of “grandchild” since Cao Cao’s operation. With the new scientific explanation, the original appearance of Sun Tzu military thought has been restored and one of the thousand years has been corrected Major fallacy.