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目的通过调查初进高原的内地汉族学生的习服状况,可分析影响习服的主要因素,制定相关的应对措施,提供正确的健康教育;也可为我国西部大开发战略的实施,登山运动及旅游事业的发展提供参考依据。方法整群抽取从低海拔地区进入3568m的高原地区的健康学生为研究对象,分别测定刚进入、进入后一周、和一个月的学生的呼吸(R,/min)、脉搏(P,/min)、血压(BP,mmHg)及氧饱和度(%)等基础生理指标,依据国家军用标准GJB4301-2002进行高原习服状况评价,并根据评价结果拟定和完善相应的护理措施和健康教育,以提高内地学生进入高原的习服能力。结果从低海拔地区进入3568m的学生一周初步习服占76.29%;一个月基本习服者占91.75%。进入高原一周和一个月未达到初步习服和基本习服的主要因素是脉搏(HR)和收缩压(SBP)高出标准规定的水平。结论从低海拔进入3568m高原地区的学生大部分能较好地习服高原环境,也有部分学生对高原低氧环境不太适应。
Objective To investigate the prevailing conditions of Han students entering the plateau in the Mainland by analyzing the main factors that affect the service, to formulate the relevant countermeasures and provide the correct health education. It also can be used for the implementation of the western development strategy in China, mountaineering and Tourism development provides a reference. Methods A total of 358m highland students from low altitude were enrolled in this study. Respiratory rate (R, / min), pulse rate (P, / min) , Blood pressure (BP, mmHg), oxygen saturation (%) and other basic physiological indicators, according to the national military standard GJB4301-2002 plateau acclimatization assessment, and based on the evaluation results to develop and improve the corresponding nursing interventions and health education to improve Mainland students into the plateau abilities. Results The students who entered 3568m from low altitude area occupied 76.29% of the initial uniforms in one week, and 91.75% of them were in one month. The main factors that did not reach preliminary acclimatization and basic accolades for one week and one month into the plateau were higher than the standard requirements for pulse rate (HR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Conclusion Most of the students who entered the 3568m plateau from a lower altitude could well accustom to the plateau environment, while some students did not adapt to the low altitude hypoxia environment.