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目的通过对山东省巨野县近3年出生缺陷发生率及缺陷种类分析,探讨出生缺陷的预防及干预措施。方法回顾分析出生缺陷发生情况,并比较历年出生缺陷发生率的变化趋势、出生缺陷顺位特点、终止妊娠的孕周及结局。结果2011-2013年巨野县住院分娩34 319例,其中有出生缺陷487例(≥28周457例、<28周30例),出生缺陷报告总发生率142.0/万,其中≥28周出生缺陷报告发生率133.1/万,<28周出生缺陷报告发生率8.7/万,历年趋势平稳。其中≥28周出生缺陷脐疝居首位,占畸形总数的23.2%,其次是先天性心脏病占17.1%,其他依次为外耳畸形15.5%、总唇裂8.3%、多指畸形7.9%;<28周出生缺陷中,神经管畸形占畸形总数的43.3%,其次是总唇裂23.3%、肾脏畸形10.0%。结论加强孕期对出生缺陷的预防、检查并适时科学干预,有利于降低出生缺陷、改善不良预后。
Objective To analyze the incidence and defect types of birth defects in Juye County, Shandong Province in the recent 3 years to explore the prevention and intervention measures for birth defects. Methods The incidence of birth defects was retrospectively analyzed. The incidence of birth defects in the past years, the characteristics of birth defects, gestational age and the outcome of termination of pregnancy were compared. Results In Juye County from 2011 to 2013, there were 34 319 cases of childbirth, including 487 cases of birth defects (457 cases ≥ 28 weeks, 30 cases <28 weeks), the total incidence of birth defects was 142.0%, of which ≥28 weeks Reported incidence of 133.1 / million, <28 weeks the incidence of birth defects reported 8.7 / million, calendar year trend is stable. Among them, umbilical hernia occurred more than 28 weeks, accounting for 23.2% of all deformities, followed by congenital heart disease, accounting for 17.1%, followed by 15.5% of deformities, 8.3% of total clefts, 7.9% of deformities. Weekly birth defects, neural tube defects accounted for 43.3% of the total deformity, followed by the total cleft lip 23.3%, 10.0% of renal malformations. Conclusion To strengthen the prevention, inspection and timely scientific intervention of birth defects during pregnancy is beneficial to reduce the birth defects and improve the unfavorable prognosis.