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跳远助跑速度利用率,是指运动员在跳远过程中,对自己最高速度的使用水平。通常用运动员跳远助跑中的最高速度与平跑中的最高速度比值来表示,由于助跑速度是决定跳远成绩最重要的因素,在所有影响跳远成绩的因素中,助跑速度所起的作用大于70%,所以国内外都很重视跳远助跑速度的研究。助跑速度越快,运动员起跳推进力损失就越小,跳远成绩也就越好,世界优秀的跳远运动员的100米成绩都是很优异的,但是实践证明,绝大多数运动员在跳远助跑中,都不能充分稳定地发挥自己的最快速度,从而影响跳远成绩,所以,这就要求运动员在跳远助跑中除了要有较高的速度水平外,还应具有充分稳定发挥最快速度的能力,即速度利用率。经过研究可以得出,影响跳远助跑中速度利用率的因素主要有以下三个方面:一、助跑技术不完善;二、快速助跑起跳能力不足;三、助跑的稳定性和准确性差。针对以上三个方面的成因以及解决方法本文进行一些粗浅的探讨。
Long jump run speed utilization, refers to the athletes in the long jump process, the use of their own maximum speed. Generally speaking, the ratio of the maximum speed of an athlete in long jump and the maximum speed of a flat race is used. Since the running speed is the most important factor in determining long jump performance, the running speed plays a greater role than any other factor in long jump performance. , So both at home and abroad attach great importance to the study of long jump run speed. The faster the running speed, the smaller the loss of the athlete’s take-off propulsion and the better the long jump performance. The 100-meter achievement of the world’s most outstanding long jump athletes is excellent, but practice shows that most athletes Can not fully and stably play their fastest speed, thus affecting the long jump results, therefore, requires athletes in the long run to run in addition to have a higher speed level, but also should have the full and stable ability to play the fastest speed, that is, Utilization rate. After research, it can be concluded that the main factors affecting the rate of speed use in long jump run are the following three aspects: First, the running technique is imperfect; Second, the lack of rapid take-off and landing ability; Third, the run-in stability and accuracy is poor. In view of the above three causes and solutions of this article to do some superficial discussion.