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目的了解2015年北京市西城区学生对营养知识的知晓情况,为制定有效干预措施提供依据。方法采用PPS(规模比例抽样)和两阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取北京市西城区6所学校33个班级1 009名学生进行中小学校学生饮食情况及相关知识行为调查。结果在调查的1 007名学生中,有77.2%的学生知道健康的定义,有28.5%的学生知道中国学生营养日。在营养素食物来源的相关问题中,对维生素和矿物质、蛋白质、钙、能量的良好来源知晓率分别为71.2%、61.5%、55.9%、52.3%。而学生对于饮食预防缺铁性贫血、每人每天食盐的摄入量和咸的食物与高血压相关性问题的知晓率分别为62.9%、57.8%和64.3%;学生营养知识评分的影响因素分别是学生年龄、父亲学历和学生营养状况。结论西城区学生营养知识的知晓率仍有待提高,采用更有针对性的手段对学生进行宣教,将有益于营养知识在学生中的普及。
Objective To understand the knowledge of nutritional knowledge among students in Xicheng District of Beijing in 2015 and provide the basis for the formulation of effective interventions. Methods A total of 1 009 students from 33 classes in 6 schools in Xicheng District, Beijing were sampled by PPS (scale proportional sampling) and two-stage stratified cluster random sampling method to investigate the diet and related knowledge and behavior among primary and secondary school students. Results Of the 1 007 students surveyed, 77.2% of the students knew the definition of health and 28.5% of the students knew the Chinese student nutrition day. Among the issues related to nutrient sources, the awareness of good sources of vitamins and minerals, protein, calcium and energy were 71.2%, 61.5%, 55.9% and 52.3%, respectively. The students awareness of iron deficiency anemia diet, salt intake per person per day and salty food and hypertension-related issues were 62.9%, 57.8% and 64.3% respectively; the impact of nutritional knowledge scores of students were Is the student’s age, father’s education and student’s nutritional status. Conclusion The awareness rate of nutrition knowledge of students in Xicheng District still needs to be improved. Using more targeted means to educate students will benefit the popularization of nutrition knowledge among students.