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菜油是主要食用植物油之一,菜籽饼又是富含粗蛋白(30％以上)的饲料。但据国内外研究,菜油中含有高量的芥酸(45～50％)不易消化吸收,营养价值低。菜籽饼含有多种硫代葡萄苷,其分解产物能引起非反刍类动物甲状腺肿大,代谢紊乱,生长发育不良,所以不能广泛用作畜禽的饲料。五十年代末期以来,加拿大、西德、法国、瑞典、波兰和澳大利亚等主产油菜的国家开展油菜品质育种研究,目前已选育和推广了低(无)芥酸和低硫代葡萄苷的优质品种,大大提高了菜油和菜籽饼的利用价值。国际卫生组织规定芥酸含量不得超过5％,硫代葡萄糖苷含量不得超过0.3％。因而这些国家垄断了国际菜籽贸易市场。近年来,
Vegetable oil is one of the main edible vegetable oils, rapeseed cake is rich in crude protein (30%) of the feed. However, according to domestic and foreign research, rapeseed oil contains high levels of erucic acid (45-50%), which is not easily digestible and has low nutritional value. Rapeseed cake contains a variety of glucosinolates, the decomposition products can cause non-ruminant goiter, metabolic disorders, poor growth and development, it can not be widely used as livestock feed. Since the late 1950s, countries such as Canada, West Germany, France, Sweden, Poland and Australia that produce mainly rapeseed have conducted rapeseed breeding studies. At present, breeding and promotion of low (no) erucic acid and low-glucosinolate High-quality varieties, greatly improving the use of vegetable oil and rapeseed cake value. The International Organization for Health states that erucic acid must not exceed 5% and glucosinolates must not exceed 0.3%. Thus these countries monopolize the international rapeseed market. In recent years,