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以流体力学、电磁理论为基础,通过VOF方法对熔滴进行界面追踪,考虑熔滴拖拽力、表面张力,建立了GMAW熔滴过渡行为的数学物理模型。通过FLUENT软件结合udf(user-defined functions)程序对低碳钢焊接过程的熔滴过渡过程进行了模拟。结果显示:模拟的熔滴脱落时间、长度和半径与试验结果吻合较好;电流密度越大,熔滴过渡时间越短,熔滴尺寸越小。熔滴滴落过程的速度矢量结果表明,熔滴涡环的出现及湮灭与合力和粘性耗散有关。
Based on the theory of fluid mechanics and electromagnetism, the VOF method was used to track the droplet interface. Considering the drag force and the surface tension of the droplet, a mathematical and physical model of GMAW droplet transfer behavior was established. The droplet transfer process of low carbon steel welding process was simulated by FLUENT software combined with udf (user-defined functions) program. The results show that the simulated droplet drop time, length and radius agree well with the experimental data. The larger the current density, the shorter the droplet transfer time and the smaller droplet size. The velocity vector results of droplet dropping process show that the appearance and annihilation of droplet vortex ring are related to the resultant force and viscous dissipation.