The fact that the signal results in signal--crosstalk is confirmed for arrayed--waveguide grating as N × N optical router, and the relation between the cr
Zinc cadmium thiocyanate(ZCTC), ZnCd(SCN)4, has been discovered as a UV second-order nonlinear optical coordination crystal. Its thermal and transmission proper
The influence of vibration is already one of main obstacles for improving the nano measuring accuracy.The techniques of anti-vibration,vibration isolation and v
Several methods for investigating the thickness uniformity of polymer thin films are presented as well as their measurement principles. A comparison of these ex
When the film is excited by a very low excitation energy, the spontaneous Raman scattering emerges. The intensity of Raman scattering is proportional to the exc