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目的:考察信息对等情境下的知识效应及其影响因素。方法:以常识性知识作为实验材料,通过两个行为实验检验人际熟悉度、结果反馈和激励对知识效应的影响。结果:在信息对等情境下,被试依然受到了知识效应的影响;人际熟悉度对知识效应没有显著影响;结果反馈和激励对知识效应的主效应不显著,两个变量存在交互作用。结论:信息对等性不是知识效应产生的必要条件,结果反馈对知识效应的影响以“潜伏学习”的形式存在,在给予结果反馈的同时对个体施加激励能够显著降低知识效应所产生的偏差。
Objective: To investigate the knowledge effect and its influencing factors in the context of information equivalence. Methods: Using common sense knowledge as experimental material, two behavioral experiments were used to test the influence of interpersonal familiarity, feedback and incentive on knowledge effect. Results: In the context of information equivalence, subjects were still influenced by knowledge effect; interpersonal familiarity had no significant effect on knowledge effect; the main effect of result feedback and incentive on knowledge effect was insignificant, and there was interaction between the two variables. Conclusion: Information equivalence is not a necessary condition for knowledge effect. The impact of feedback on knowledge effect exists in the form of “latent learning ”. When giving feedback on result, it can significantly reduce the effect of knowledge effect deviation.