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目的掌握黑龙江省达乌尔黄鼠鼠疫疫源地鼠密度、小型夜行鼠的种群构成、分布,为我省鼠疫疫情监测及防治对策提供科学依据。方法按照《全国鼠疫监测方案》,对捕获到的鼠进行梳检、细菌培养以及血清学检测。结果 2001-2010年黑龙江省平均鼠密度为0.47只/公顷,小型夜行鼠捕获率为2.09%。结论达乌尔黄鼠是该地的优势种群,对鼠疫的发生流行起着决定性作用。小型夜行鼠常常作为鼠疫自然疫源地的次要宿主或偶然宿主参与动物鼠疫流行过程,但小型夜行鼠成为沟通种间或种内群落间鼠疫流行的桥梁。
Objective To understand the population structure and distribution of rat density and mini nocturnal rats in the plague foci of Daurian wallaby in Heilongjiang Province, and to provide a scientific basis for monitoring and controlling plague epidemic in our province. Methods According to “National Plague Surveillance Program”, the captured mice were examined by combing, bacterial culture and serological test. Results The average rat density in Heilongjiang Province from 2001 to 2010 was 0.47 per hectare, and the capture rate of small nocturnal rats was 2.09%. Conclusion Daurian ground squirrel is the dominant species in the area and plays a decisive role in the epidemic of plague. Small nocturnal rats are often involved in the epidemic of animal plague as a secondary host or occasional host of plague natural foci, but small nocturnal mice have become bridges of inter-species or inter-species plague epidemics.