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采用理论分析及现场实测相结合的研究方法,对房柱采空区下近距离两煤层顶板砌体结构进行系统分析,提出了非连续均载作用下的砌体结构承载运动特征普适模型、房柱采空区下两煤层“老顶-多煤柱-直接顶-支架”组合结构系统受力运动特征典型模型、近距离煤层房柱采空区下房柱安全、合理尺寸留设条件.结果表明:通过合理修整或留设房柱尺寸可以有效改善顶板运动承载及破断特征,促进工作面顶板的稳定.以某煤矿生产实际为背景,对上煤层房柱尺寸修整前后,下煤层顶板矿压规律进行实测分析对比,最终确定合理煤房尺寸为6.0m、煤柱尺寸为2.5m.在此条件下,下煤层工作面顶板来压特征得到明显改善,工作面安全、高效生产得到保证.
Based on the theoretical analysis and the field test, the authors analyzed the masonry structure of two coal seam roof under the mined-out area and put forward the universal model of the bearing behavior of the masonry structure under the non-continuous uniform load. A Typical Model of Forced Movement Characteristics of the Underlying Coal Seams, “Old Roof - Multiple Coal Pillar - Direct Top - Bracket” Combination Structure System Under the Double Gob of Housing and Focal Area, The results show that the roof load-bearing and breaking characteristics can be effectively improved by rational trimming or leaving the size of the columns, and the stability of the roof can be promoted.According to the actual production of a coal mine, Roof pressure law of the actual measurement analysis and comparison, and ultimately determine a reasonable coal yard size of 6.0m, coal pillar size of 2.5m. Under these conditions, under the coal seam roof pressure characteristics have been significantly improved, the work surface safe and efficient production Guarantee.