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过度竞争对零售业造成的损害已为人所共识,但如何界定零售业过度竞争却一直未见评判标准。笔者根据国内外学者对产业过度竞争的研究成果,结合零售业特点,提出评判零售业过度竞争标准为:市场集中度、市场进入与退出壁垒、市场竞争手段、企业经营效益。并据此分析了广东零售业存在的过度竞争的客观现象,提出实施零售业进入规制是防范过度竞争的有效手段。
It has been widely acknowledged that the over-competition has caused damage to the retail industry. But how to define the over-competition in the retail industry has not seen any judgments. According to the domestic and foreign scholars’ research results on over-competition in the industry and the characteristics of the retail industry, the author puts forward the criteria for judging over-competition in the retail industry as follows: market concentration, market entry and exit barriers, market competition means and business operating efficiency. Based on this analysis, the objective phenomenon of over-competition existing in retail trade in Guangdong is analyzed. It is proposed that the implementation of retail regulation is an effective measure to prevent over-competition.