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目的探讨贵阳市汉族中小学生的视力现状,掌握其变化规律,为学校制定预防近视的措施提供科学依据。方法严格按《2010年全国体质健康状况调查研究工作手册》的视力检查要求统一进行检测,共6 012名,并对结果进行统计学处理。结果贵阳市中小学生视力低下率为47.72%,城市为57.92%,农村为37.40%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);男生为44.04%,女生为51.38%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);小学生32.90%,初中生51.76%、高中生72.86%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论与2000年比较,学生视力低下率上升,应采取有效预防措施保护学生视力。
Objective To explore the status quo of eyesight of primary and secondary school students in Han nationality in Guiyang and to grasp their changing rules and provide a scientific basis for the school to make measures to prevent myopia. Methods According to the visual inspection requirements of “2010 National Physical Health Survey and Research Manual”, the tests were carried out in a unified way, 6 012 in total, and the results were statistically processed. Results The prevalence of vision loss in primary and secondary school students in Guiyang was 47.72%, in urban areas was 57.92%, in rural areas was 37.40%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01); boys were 44.04% and girls were 51.38%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). There were 32.90% of primary students, 51.76% of junior high students and 72.86% of high school students. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion Compared with 2000, students ’vision loss rate increased, and should take effective preventive measures to protect students’ eyesight.