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目的了解医院感染的现状,分析医院感染管理中存在的问题,为改进防控医院感染的措施提供依据。方法通过横断面调查方式,对某教学医院住院患者进行医院感染现患率调查与分析。结果调查当日实查住院患者1 682例,发生医院感染80例、97例次,医院感染现患率为4.76%、感染例次率为5.77%。以中心重症监护病房医院感染率最高,达到53.33%。医院感染部位主要为下呼吸道、泌尿道和手术切口,感染率构成比依次为40.21%、22.68%和10.31%。医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,占73.68%,居前三位为大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌。结论该医院住院患者医院感染率高于我国其他三甲医院,提示应采取相应措施加强医院感染的监控和管理。
Objective To understand the current situation of nosocomial infection and to analyze the existing problems in the management of nosocomial infection so as to provide evidence for improving the prevention and control of nosocomial infections. Methods By means of cross-sectional survey, the prevalence rate of nosocomial infections in a teaching hospital was investigated and analyzed. Results On the day of investigation, 1 682 hospitalized patients were investigated. There were 80 hospitalized cases and 97 hospitalized cases. The prevalence rate of hospital infection was 4.76% and the infection rate was 5.77%. In the ICU hospital infection rate was the highest, reaching 53.33%. Nosocomial infections were mainly lower respiratory tract, urinary tract and surgical incision. The infection rates were 40.21%, 22.68% and 10.31%, respectively. Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens in hospital, accounting for 73.68%. The top three were Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. Conclusion The hospital infection rate of inpatients in this hospital is higher than that of other top three hospitals in our country, suggesting that appropriate measures should be taken to strengthen the monitoring and management of nosocomial infections.