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The dry bulbs of Fritillaria cirrhosa species can help resolve phlegm,soothe cough,clear heat,and moisten the lung,and the main active components responsible for these effect are its alka-loids.However,it is unclear whether or how edpetiline in Fritillaria can inhibit the excessive inflammatory response and oxidative stress.In this research,we aimed to examine this aspect using lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages as an inflammatory model.The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis results showed that edpetiline significantly inhibited the content and mRNA expression levels of proinflamma-tory cytokines(TNF-αand IL-6)in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells,significantly increased the mRNA expression of IL-4(anti-inflammatory cytokine),and markedly downregulated the inflammatory mediators inductible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)mRNA and pro-tein expression levels.The oxidative stress induced by LPS was also inhibited by edpetiline,as the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species decreased notably.Edpetiline may exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects through inhibiting the phosphorylation of IκB and the nuclear transcription of nuclear transcription factor-κB p65 and decreasing the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK in the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway,without activating the JNK/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway.These findings suggest that edpetiline may be a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention or treatment of inflammation-and oxidative stress-related pathophysiological processes and diseases.