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目的了解上海市浦东新区青少年健康危险行为流行现状中中学生意外伤害情况,为各级卫生、教育部门制定学生伤害的预防、干预提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层抽样方法,抽取浦东新区中心城区、郊区中心镇和农村地区21所中学和2所职技校5 768名学生进行青少年健康危险行为问卷调查。结果有2 569(45.5%)名中学生在调查前30 d内有骑车时双手离把、攀扶其他车辆、互相追逐打闹、逆行、带人、闯红灯、乱穿马路等违反交通规则的行为。其中男生为1 294人,发生率为47.0%;女生为1 275人,发生率为44.1%;不同性别之间发生率相比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.738,P=0.030)。调查前30天内有1 233(44.8%)名男生和1 138(39.4%)名女生在步行过马路时经常或总是不走人行横道(过街天桥或地下通道);乱穿马路的发生率男生明显高于女生,差异有统计学意义(χ2=16.949,P<0.001)。结论该区青少年健康危险行为发生率较高。政府、教育、卫生等主要部门应建立合作机制,针对不同性别、年龄层次和地区差异开展相关健康教育活动,有针对性地开展早期交通安全教育和生活技能培训,通过加强学生的自我保护意识,改变不良习惯及生活方式,防止危害健康的行为发生。
Objective To understand the accidental injury among middle school students in the current status of health risk behaviors among adolescents in Pudong New Area in Shanghai and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and intervention of student injury at all levels of health and education departments. Methods A multistage stratified sampling method was used to collect 5 768 students from 21 secondary schools in Pudong New District Central Town, suburban centers and rural areas and 2 vocational and technical schools to conduct a questionnaire survey on health risk behaviors among adolescents. As a result, 2 569 (45.5%) secondary school students violated traffic regulations such as leaving their hands while riding a bicycle, climbing other vehicles, chasing each other, retrograding, carrying people, running red lights and crossing roads in the 30 days before the survey . Including 1 294 boys, the incidence was 47.0%; girls 1 275 people, the incidence was 44.1%; the incidence of different gender, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 4.738, P = 0.030). Within the first 30 days of the survey, 1 233 (44.8%) boys and 1 138 (39.4%) girls often or never walked the pedestrian crossings (overpasses or underpasses) when walking across the road; the incidence of crossing roads was significantly higher for boys For girls, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 16.949, P <0.001). Conclusion The incidence of health risk behaviors among adolescents in this area is high. The government, education, health and other major departments should establish a cooperation mechanism to carry out relevant health education activities according to gender, age group and regional differences, and carry out early education on traffic safety and life skills training in a targeted manner. By strengthening student self-protection awareness, Change bad habits and lifestyle, to prevent the occurrence of health hazards.