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目的研究变应性鼻炎粉尘螨疫苗舌下含服免疫治疗1年后患者的依从性及其影响因素。方法对过去1年接受粉尘螨免疫治疗的变应性鼻炎患者进行回顾性调查。对治疗脱落的患者采取电话方式了解其不依从的原因,并做率的比较,采用χ2检验进行分析。结果粉尘螨疫苗治疗患者的依从率为70.19%。儿童的依从率为84.60%,高于成人的62.75%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.517,P<0.05)。不依从的原因调查表明,效果不明显或无效占22.92%,症状消失或好转占20.83%,工作忙或学业紧张占16.67%。结论变应性鼻炎特异性免疫治疗患者的依从性不理想,儿童的依从性高于成人。调查结果提示治疗中如有针对性地采用相应的干预措施,可以提高患者免疫治疗的依从率,从而提高疗效。
Objective To study the compliance of patients with allergic rhinitis dust mite vaccine sublingual immunotherapy after 1 year and its influencing factors. Methods Retrospective investigation was conducted on patients with allergic rhinitis who received immunotherapy with dust mite over the past year. The treatment of patients with off the phone to understand the reasons for their non-compliance, and to do the rate of comparison, using χ2 test for analysis. Results The complying rate of patients with dust mite vaccine was 70.19%. Children’s compliance rate was 84.60%, higher than 62.75% of adults, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 5.517, P <0.05). The reasons for non-compliance survey showed that the effect is not obvious or ineffective accounting for 22.92%, symptoms disappear or improvement accounted for 20.83%, busy or academic work hard accounted for 16.67%. Conclusion The compliance of patients with allergic rhinitis-specific immunotherapy is not satisfactory, and the compliance of children is higher than that of adults. Findings suggest that if targeted treatment of the corresponding interventions, can improve the compliance rate of patients with immunotherapy, thereby enhancing the efficacy.