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目的分析甘草自然分布区的热能特征,为建设甘草种植基地提供科学依据。方法利用81个气象台站近30年的观测资料,采用统计学方法,对甘草自然分布区的光辐射、日照时数、温度等热能参数进行分析,并以温暖指数及寒冷指数为指标分析甘草对温度的适应性。结果甘草分布区内年辐射总量平均为1357606Cal/(cm2.a),光辐射、日照时数和日照百分率均较同纬度的其他地区高出30%左右;甘草分布区年平均温度6.5℃,1月和7月平均温度分别为-12℃和22℃,甘草可适应冬季低温、夏季高温和日较差及年较差均较高的温度条件,在温暖指数31.66～119.46的范围内均可生长,冬季能够适应-40℃以下的极端低温。结论甘草属于既耐高温,又能适应低温,对太阳辐射量和日照时数要求均较高的温带植物;最适于在年辐射总量为1.3×106～1.4×106Cal/(cm2.a)、平均气温6～10℃地区生长。
Objective To analyze the thermal energy characteristics of natural distribution area of Glycyrrhiza uralensis and provide scientific basis for the construction of licorice plantation base. Methods Using the observation data of 81 meteorological stations over the past 30 years, statistical methods were used to analyze the heat radiation parameters such as light radiation, sunshine hours, and temperature in the natural distribution area of Glycyrrhiza uralensis. The warming index and cold index were used as indicators to analyze the licorice pairs. The adaptability of temperature. Results The total annual radiation in the licorice distribution area was 1357606Cal/(cm2.a). The light radiation, sunshine duration and sunshine percentage were all about 30% higher than those in other areas at the same latitude. The annual average temperature of the licorice distribution area was 6.5°C. The average temperatures in January and July are respectively -12°C and 22°C. Licorice can be adapted to the conditions of low temperature in winter, high temperature in summer, poor weather, and poor year-on-year temperatures. The warming index can be in the range of 31.66 to 119.46. Growth, winter can adapt to extreme temperatures below -40°C. Conclusion Glycyrrhiza uralensis is a temperate plant that has both high temperature tolerance and low temperature tolerance, and has a high requirement for solar radiation and sunshine duration. It is most suitable for the total annual radiation of 1.3×106～1.4×106 Cal/(cm2.a). The average temperature is 6 to 10°C.